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The Applicability of International Humanitarian Law to Organised Criminal Organisations : an Analysis of Mexico and the Zetas Cartel
(Åbo Akademi, 2020)The definition of ‘organised crime’ has evolved during the last decades to adapt to this ever-changing phenomenon. As a consequence of globalisation, criminal organisations expanded their reach by transporting illicit goods ... -
The Clash of Fisheries : How can the European Union Improve Conservation and Management of Fish Stocks in Union Waters to Ensure Biological Diversity of its Seas?
(2023)Overfishing continues to occur throughout the European Union (EU) waters. The protection of fisheries was first established in 1983 with the creation of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). Since then, the protection for ... -
The impact of social media on international humanitarian law : A Pyrrhic victory? : The negative and positive impacts of social media on the laws of war
(2023)Social media has become a force to be reckoned with in armed conflicts. The impact social media can have on international humanitarian law (IHL) are many, and a subject which has not been considered sufficiently in ... -
The Individual Criminal Responsibility of Members of Private Military and Security Companies in Armed Conflicts
(2023)The use of private military and security companies (“PMSCs”) has continued to increase globally. However, it can be argued that the international efforts to regulate the use of these companies and to effectively deal with ... -
The Maternity Act and the Convention on the Rights of the Child : Are children’s rights fulfilled with two mothers?
(Åbo Akademi, 2018)Kokoteksti on luettavissa vain Kirjatornissa ja Academill-kirjastossa. -
The Obligation on Abolitionist States to Withhold Assistance in Foreign Proceedings That May Result in Death Penalty
(Åbo Akademi, 2020)In 2018, the UK Home Secretary agreed to provide information on two prisoners facing capital charges in the US, despite the US refusing to provide assurances that the death penalty will not be sought for the individuals ... -
The Principle Of Positive Complementarity In International Criminal Law And Its Convergence With Domestic Transitional Systems : The Case Of Colombia
(2023)International Criminal Law and Transitional Justice have been tied by the utmost responsibility of addressing major atrocities committed by humankind, despite their confronted aims for that particular task. Within the ... -
The Protection of Abortion-Related Rights in the Context of Article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
(2023)The thesis examines the protection of abortion rights within the framework of article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). Article 12 of the ICESCR protects the right to health ... -
THE PROTECTION OF THE EXTREMELY POOR THROUGH THE HUMAN RIGHTS FRAMEWORK
(Åbo Akademi, 2020)Freedom from poverty is one of the most important human interests. In 2015, 735 million people were still living below the extreme poverty line, established at $1.90 per day. Extremely poor people are unable to meet their ... -
The protection of victims of organ trafficking under international law
(Åbo Akademi, 2020)Medical advances in the field of organ transplantation are one of the greatest achievements of mankind. The possibility of transplanting organs, tissues and cells enabled to save and prolong the lives of many people. ... -
The Right to Breathe : An Examination of How Human Rights Can Be Applied to Guarantee Access to Clean Air
(Åbo Akademi, 2020)Access to clean air is vital for human health. Still, more than 90 per cent of people in the world live in areas where exposure to air pollution exceeds the WHO Air Quality Guidelines, making outdoor air pollution is the ... -
The right to reparation for conflict-related gender-based violations of international law : The individual’s right to reparation in international humanitarian law and human rights law applicable in Africa
(Åbo Akademi, 2020)During armed conflicts, gender-based violence is commonly used as a method of warfare, and women and girls disproportionately make up a majority of the victims. International humanitarian law, regulating the two parties ... -
The Widening Definition of Hate Speech – How Well Intended Hate Speech Laws Undermine Democracy and the Rule of Law
(2022)Liberal European democracies are standing at a crossroads: on the one hand, freedom of speech ought to be protected and cherished, but on the other hand, the importance of protecting vulnerable groups from harm and ... -
Tjänsteleverantörens avtalsbrott vid upphandlade tjänster
(Åbo Akademi, 2019) -
To Bee or not to Bee : Harnessing Synergies Between Pollinator Conservation and the Right to Food
(2021)It is predicted that over the next 30 years, the world population will increase by 25 per cent, and the global food demand will more than double. Food production is intertwined with, and dependent on, biodiversity and the ... -
Towards the True Universality of Human Rights? : An analysis of the Strasbourg Court’s development of a Functional Approach to Extraterritorial Jurisdiction and the Implications for the Protection of the Human Rights of Civilians Abroad During Conflicts
(2023)Current conflicts increasingly affect civilians, involve multiple parties, and are of ambiguous nature. Therefore, international law and international human rights bodies, must develop new methods to approach alleged human ... -
Transnational Legal Strategies in the Pursuit of Climate Justice – An Analysis of Current Climate Case Law in Europe
(2022)Climate change litigation, or climate litigation, has increased exponentially in the past few years. While it is a global phenomenon, most climate litigation has thus far taken place in jurisdictions in the Global North ...