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Behavior of black liquor nitrogen in combustion : formation of cyanate
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 14-2 (Åbo Akademi - Åbo Akademi University, 05.12.2014)The Kraft pulping process is the dominant chemical pulping process in the world. Roughly 195 million metric tons of black liquor are produced annually as a by-product from the Kraft pulping process. Black liquor consists ... -
Bio-oils in Contact with Steels and Copper Surfaces
Bio-oil is a renewable energy source and can be used either in crude or processed forms. The crude bio-oil can be used in marine engines or conventional combustors. Using bio-oils instead of petroleum fossil fuels in marine ... -
Characterisation of waste for combustion : with special reference to the role of zinc
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 13-04 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 11.12.2013)Waste combustion has gone from being a volume reducing discarding-method to an energy recovery process for unwanted material that cannot be reused or recycled. Different fractions of waste are used as fuel today, such as; ... -
Chemical changes in biomass during torrefaction
Åbo Akademi, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre : 16-01 (Åbo Akademi University, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, 22.01.2016)Torrefaction is moderate thermal treatment (~200-300 °C) of biomass in an inert atmosphere. The torrefied fuel offers advantages to traditional biomass, such as higher heating value, reduced hydrophilic nature, increased ... -
Chemistry of potassium halides and their role in corrosion in biomass and waste firing
Åbo Akademi, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre : 16-02 (Åbo Akademi - Åbo Akademi University, 17.06.2016)Compared to the use of traditional fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), combustion of biomass and waste fuels has several environmental and economic advantages for heat and power generation. However, biomass and waste ... -
Combustion properties of biomass residues rich in phosphorus
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 12-02 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 04.04.2012)The currently-used sources of biomass are limited so new ones are required in order to meet the European Union target and to satisfy the constantly-increasing demand for energy. This is why energy recovery from residues ... -
Corrosion behaviour of boiler tube materials during combustion of fuels containing Zn and Pb
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 12-03 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 16.06.2012)Many power plants burning challenging fuels such as waste-derived fuels experience failures of the superheaters and/or increased waterwall corrosion due to aggressive fuel components already at low temperatures. To ... -
Crystallization characteristics of bioactive glasses
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 08-07 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 07.11.2008)Bioactive glasses are excellent candidates for implant materials, because they can form a chemical bond to bone or guide bone growth, depending on the glass composition. Some compositions have even shown soft tissue ... -
Effects of Temperature Gradient on Ash Deposit Aging and Heat Exchanger Corrosion
(Åbo Akademi - Åbo Akademi University, 22.11.2019)Boilers firing biomass and/or waste-derived fuel have in general lower electrical efficiencies compared to coal-fired boilers. The root cause for the lower electrical efficiency lies in the high-temperature corrosion of ... -
Enzyme electrode configurations : for application in biofuel cells
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 12-01 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 17.02.2012) -
Fate of fuel-bound nitrogen and sulfur in biomass-fired Industrial boilers
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 14-01 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 14.02.2014) -
Impacts of Time and Temperature Gradient on the Morphology and Chemical Composition of Superheater Ash Deposits
(Åbo Akademi University, 02.02.2024)The work presented in this thesis focuses on the effect of a temperature gradient on the local composition and morphology of ash deposits formed on heat exchanger tubes of power boilers. Cross-sections of superheater ... -
Laboratory Studies on Aqueous Absorption and High Temperature Chemistry of NOx and SOx in Thermal Conversion of Biomass Waste
(Åbo Akademi - Åbo Akademi University, 05.05.2023)In order to fulfill the transition to a climate neutral economy and society, various renewable energy sources are needed to replace fossil fuels. Thermal conversion of biomass waste streams plays an important role in this ... -
Modeling of fireside deposit formation in two industrial furnaces
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 13-03 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 05.12.2013)Fireside deposits can be found in many types of utility and industrial furnaces. The deposits in furnaces are problematic because they can reduce heat transfer, block gas paths and cause corrosion. To tackle these problems, ... -
Modelling the super-equilibria in thermal biomass conversion : applications and limitations of the constrained free energy method
VTT Science (Online) : 92 (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, 28.05.2015)- -
Natural aluminous raw materials in glass melting
(Åbo Akademi|en - Åbo Akademi University, 1987)- -
Properties of raw glazes - The impact of composition, firing and functional coatings
(18.09.2020)Raw glazes, i.e. glazes mixed from oxides and minerals, are cost-effective alternatives to fritted compositions for ceramics fired at a high peak temperature (> 1150 °C). Raw glazes are mainly used for sanitary ware and ... -
The feasibility of torrefaction for the co-firing of wood in pulverised-fuel boilers
Åbo Akademi, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre : 15-01 (Åbo Akademi University, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, 11.12.2015)Torrefaction is the partial pyrolysis of wood characterised by thermal degradation of predominantly hemicellulose under inert atmosphere. Torrefaction can be likened to coffee roasting but with wood in place of beans. This ... -
The impact of dissolution products and solution pH on in vitro behaviour of the bioactive glasses 45S5 and S53P4
(Åbo Akademi - Åbo Akademi University, 19.01.2024)Glass is a versatile material used in our everyday life. The chemical durability of glass depends on its composition. Some applications benefit from lower chemical durability. Glasses in a narrow compositional range are ... -
The role of potassium in the corrosion of superheater materials in boilers firing biomass
Report / Åbo Akademi, Process Chemistry Centre : 13-02 (Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, 13.12.2013)Inhibition of global warming has become one of the major goals for the coming decades. A key strategy is to replace fossil fuels with more sustainable fuels, which has generated growing interest in the use of waste-derived ...