Printing and spectrometric detection of active pharmaceutical ingredients on different surfaces
Engström, Emma (2021)
Engström, Emma
2021
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2021051229778
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2021051229778
Tiivistelmä
Printing of pharmaceuticals is actively researched as a tailored and flexible fabricating method, towards personalized medicine. Inkjet printing is considered as a precise dosing method and in this work, theophylline is printed on eight different materials (aluminum, steel, glass, enamel, plexi, epoxy, rubber and paper) in different doses between 0.59 and 474.4 μg/cm2 with Dimatix DMP 2830 material printer with piezoelectric, 10 pL droplet actuation. Theophylline was dissolved in a, for this printing application, optimized ink consisting of glycerol, ethanol and water in ratio 10:45:45 in concentrations between 0.06 and 11.84 mg/mL. Three different methods for adjusting the printed theophylline concentration per area were evaluated and the samples were analyzed visually and with three spectrometric methods. While near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy showed unsatisfactory results for detecting small amounts of printed theophylline on the different surfaces, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) detected printed doses as low as 2.34 μg/cm2. Escalating printed doses of theophylline were detected both visually and by FTIR on respective surfaces. Inkjet-printed active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) could potentially be used as standards for cleaning validation purposes and for calibration of already established analytical instruments, as well as in the development of new promising methods for detection of small amounts of APIs on surfaces.