Selaus tekijän mukaan kokoelmassa VATT Working Papers

    • Dividend taxes and decisions of MNEs: Evidence from a Finnish tax reform 

      Kari, Seppo; Harju, Jarkko
      VATT Working Papers : 27 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 12.10.2011)
      We explore how a firm-level tax on redistributed foreign profits affects the choices of a multinational enterprise (MNE) using evidence from a recent tax reform in Finland. The so-called equalization tax (EQT) used to be ...
    • Does Mandating Social Insurance Affect Entrepreneurial Activity? 

      Benzarti, Youssef; Harju, Jarkko; Matikka, Tuomas
      VATT Working Papers : 119 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 18.06.2019)
      This paper estimates the effect of relaxing the social insurance mandate on entrepreneurial activity using rich administrative data from Finland. We find that relaxing the social insurance mandate leads entrepreneurs to ...
    • The effects of size-based regulation on small firms: evidence from VAT threshold 

      Rauhanen, Timo; Harju, Jarkko; Matikka, Tuomas
      VATT Working Papers : 75 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 14.06.2016)
      Various types of size-based regulations for firms are typical in most countries (tax schedules, accounting rules, health and safety standards etc.). However, there is only limited evidence of how owners of small firms ...
    • The Elasticity of Taxable Income and Income-shifting: What is "Real" and What is Not? 

      Harju, Jarkko; Matikka, Tuomas
      VATT Working Papers : 56 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 11.09.2014)
      Previous literature shows that income taxation significantly affects the behavior of high-income earners and business owners. However, it is still unclear how much of the response is due to changes in effort and other real ...
    • Entrepreneurs and income-shifting: Empirical evidence from a Finnish tax reform 

      Harju, Jarkko; Matikka, Tuomas
      VATT Working Papers : 43 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 14.01.2013)
      This study examines the extent of direct tax avoidance through income-shifting between wages and dividends, and approximates the deadweight loss due to this behavior for the owners of privately held corporations. The dual ...
    • Firm Responses to an Interest Barrier: Empirical Evidence 

      Harju, Jarkko; Kauppinen, Ilpo; Ropponen, Olli
      VATT Working Papers : 90 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 27.06.2017)
      This paper studies the effects of an interest barrier that was introduced in Finland to restrict the profit-shifting opportunities of multinational enterprises (MNEs). We employ full population data of Finnish, Swedish and ...
    • Firm types, price-setting strategies, and consumption-tax incidence 

      Kosonen, Tuomas; Harju, Jarkko; Nordström Skans, Oskar
      VATT Working Papers : 70 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 29.12.2015)
      Studying very detailed micro data collected around two different VAT reforms in Europe, we show that tax incidence is heavily dependent on the characteristics of the price-setting firms. The reforms generated bimodal ...
    • How do small firms respond to tax schedule discontinuities? Evidence from South African tax registers 

      Boonzaaier, Wian; Harju, Jarkko; Matikka, Tuomas; Pirttilä, Jukka
      VATT Working Papers : 85 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 28.04.2017)
      We study the responsiveness of small and medium-sized firms to corporate income taxes using population-wide administrative data from South Africa. We find sizable bunching of firms at the corporate income thresholds where ...
    • The impact of tax incentives on the economic activity of entrepreneurs 

      Kosonen, Tuomas; Harju, Jarkko
      VATT Working Papers : 42 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 10.01.2013)
      Based on existing evidence, we know little about how the taxation of small business owners affects their economic activity. This paper studies the effect of two Finnish tax reforms, in 1997 and 1998, on the effort decisions ...
    • Missing Miles: Evasion Responses to Car Taxes 

      Harju, Jarkko; Kosonen, Tuomas; Slemrod, Joel
      VATT Working Papers : 123 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 03.10.2019)
      We study a tax evasion response to car taxes in Finland, where used car importers overstate the mileage to reduce tax liability. First, we develop a tax evasion measure by comparing reported mileage upon import with ...
    • Restaurant VAT cut: Cheaper meal and more service? 

      Kosonen, Tuomas; Harju, Jarkko
      VATT Working Papers : 52 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 09.10.2013)
      This paper provides causally plausible estimates of the effects of consumption taxes in a service sector on prices and demand for restaurant services. We utilize a large VAT reform affecting restaurant meals, where the VAT ...
    • The Effects of Corporate Taxes on Small Firms 

      Harju, Jarkko; Koivisto, Aliisa; Matikka, Tuomas
      VATT Working Papers : 129 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 06.03.2020)
      We study the impact of corporate taxes on firm-level investments, total output and input usage by exploiting a 4.5 percentage-point corporate tax rate cut in Finland in 2014. We use detailed administrative data and a ...
    • Using Payroll Tax Variation to Unpack the Black Box of Firm-Level Production 

      Benzarti, Youssef; Harju, Jarkko
      VATT Working Papers : 138 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 29.01.2021)
      This paper uses quasi-experimental variation in payroll tax rates in Finland to investigate how firms use their input factors. We find that higher payroll tax rates lead to large employment responses and have no effects ...
    • Voluntary pension savings and tax incentives: Evidence from Finland 

      Harju, Jarkko
      VATT Working Papers : 33 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 25.06.2012)
      This paper studies empirically savers' behavioral responses to the Finnish tax reform of 2005 by using comprehensive panel data. The tax schedule of voluntary pension savings changed from progressive to proportional, ...
    • Voluntary pension savings: the effects of the Finnish tax reform on savers' behaviour 

      Harju, Jarkko
      VATT Working Papers : 7 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 17.06.2009)
      Many countries tax voluntary pension savings using the so-called EET model, based on tax-deductible savings and taxable withdrawals. In Finland the tax reform of 2005 changed the tax rate schedule from progressive to ...