Selaus nimekkeen mukaan kokoelmassa VATT Working Papers

Viitteet 40-59 / 164

    • The Elasticity of Taxable Income: Evidence from Changes in Municipal Income Tax Rates in Finland 

      Matikka, Tuomas
      VATT Working Papers : 69 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 18.12.2015)
      The elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is a key parameter in income tax analysis both in terms of efficiency and tax revenue. This paper uses Finnish panel data to analyze ETI. I use changes in flat municipal income tax ...

    • Electoral Institutions and Intraparty Cohesion 

      Matakos, Konstantinos; Savolainen, Riikka; Troumpounis, Orestis; Tukiainen, Janne; Xefteris, Dimitrios
      VATT Working Papers : 109 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 12.07.2018)
      We study parties' optimal ideological cohesion across electoral rules, when the following trade-off is present: A more heterogenous set of candidates is electorally appealing (catch-all party), yet, it serves policy-related ...

    • Electricity Prices and Consumers' Long-Term Technology Choices: Evidence from Heating Investments 

      Sahari, Anna
      VATT Working Papers : 95 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 27.09.2017)
      This paper studies consumers' sensitivity to energy costs at the moment of making a long-term energy technology investment. The analysis exploits within-region variation in local, regulated electricity distribution prices ...

    • Entrepreneurs and income-shifting: Empirical evidence from a Finnish tax reform 

      Harju, Jarkko; Matikka, Tuomas
      VATT Working Papers : 43 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 14.01.2013)
      This study examines the extent of direct tax avoidance through income-shifting between wages and dividends, and approximates the deadweight loss due to this behavior for the owners of privately held corporations. The dual ...

    • Estimating the effects of potential benefit duration without variation in the maximum duration of unemployment benefits 

      Kyyrä, Tomi; Pesola, Hanna
      VATT Working Papers : 87 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 31.05.2017)
      This paper examines the effects of unemployment benefit duration in Finland. To overcome the problem that the maximum duration of benefits is the same for all unemployed we exploit two observations. First, despite the ...

    • The estimation of LES demand elasticities for CGE models 

      Jussila, Mira; Tamminen, Saara; Kinnunen, Jouko
      VATT Working Papers : 39 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 20.09.2012)
      Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models require external parameters for proper estimations and can be relatively sensitive to the elasticity estimates used in them. We estimate LES demand elasticities and Frisch ...

    • Evaluating greening farm policies: A structural model for assessing agri-environmental subsidies 

      Laukkanen, Marita; Nauges, Céline
      VATT Working Papers : 40 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 04.11.2012)
      One quarter of the agricultural area in the European Union is registered in agrienvironmental programs. Despite the prevalence of such programs and increasing demands for environmental quality in the European Union, ex-post ...

    • The evolution of social mobility: Norway over the 20th century 

      Sarvimäki, Matti; Pekkarinen, Tuomas; Salvanes, Kjell G.
      VATT Working Papers : 76 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 17.06.2016)
      This paper documents trends in social mobility in Norway starting from fathers born at the turn of the 20th century and ending with sons born in the 1970s. We measure social mobility with intergenerational income elasticities, ...

    • Fat Tails due to Variable Renewables and Insufficient Flexibility 

      Huisman, Ronald; Kyritsis, Evangelos; Stet, Cristian
      VATT Working Papers : 134 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 10.06.2020)
      The large-scale integration of renewable energy sources requires flexibility from power markets in the sense that the latter should quickly counterbalance the renewable supply variation driven by weather conditions. Most ...

    • The Finnish payroll tax cut experiment revisited 

      Korkeamäki, Ossi
      VATT Working Papers : 22 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 13.04.2011)
      In this paper I evaluate the effects of a regional experiment that reduced payroll taxes by 3–6 percentage points of the firms' wage sum in northern and eastern Finland. I estimate the effect of the payroll tax reduction ...

    • Firm Responses to an Interest Barrier: Empirical Evidence 

      Harju, Jarkko; Kauppinen, Ilpo; Ropponen, Olli
      VATT Working Papers : 90 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 27.06.2017)
      This paper studies the effects of an interest barrier that was introduced in Finland to restrict the profit-shifting opportunities of multinational enterprises (MNEs). We employ full population data of Finnish, Swedish and ...

    • Firm types, price-setting strategies, and consumption-tax incidence 

      Kosonen, Tuomas; Harju, Jarkko; Nordström Skans, Oskar
      VATT Working Papers : 70 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 29.12.2015)
      Studying very detailed micro data collected around two different VAT reforms in Europe, we show that tax incidence is heavily dependent on the characteristics of the price-setting firms. The reforms generated bimodal ...

    • Fiscal policies in Europe and the United States during the Great Depression 

      Kavonius, Ilja Kristian
      VATT Working Papers : 13 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 11.02.2010)
      Abstract: This paper discusses the fiscal policy reactions and economic policies of European countries and the United States during the Great Depression. Economic as well as economic history literature has tended to overlook ...

    • Gender Specific Relative Age Effects in Politics and Football 

      Tukiainen, Janne; Takalo, Tuomas; Hulkkonen, Topi
      VATT Working Papers : 94 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 05.09.2017)
      The existence of a relative age effect (RAE) is well documented, i.e., those born early in the calendar year perform better at school and sports. We exploit a change in a selection period in youth football and regression ...

    • Generic substitution policy, prices and market structure: evidence from a quasi-experiment in Finland 

      Hokkanen, Joni; Kangasharju, Aki; Linnosmaa, Ismo; Valtonen, Hannu
      VATT Working Papers : 35 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 24.08.2012)
      The present paper evaluates the quantitative impact of a pharmaceutical reform on pharmaceutical prices. A generic substitution policy was introduced in Finland in 2003 to contain rising pharmaceutical expenditure. After ...

    • Global trade and climate policy scenarios – Impact on Finland 

      Honkatukia, Juha; Kaitila, Ville; Kotilainen, Markku; Niemi, Janne
      VATT Working Papers : 37 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 03.09.2012)
      In this study we use the dynamic version of the GTAP model to analyse the effects of global trade policy changes and their interaction with different global climate policy regimes from Finland's point of view, and in ...

    • Granting public or private consumption? Effects of grants on local public spending and income taxes 

      Lundqvist, Heléne
      VATT Working Papers : 15 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 27.09.2010)
      While the literature on how intergovernmental grants affect the budget of receiving jurisdictions is numerous, the very few studies that explicitly deal with likely endogeneity problems focus on grants targeted towards ...

    • Household heterogeneity in valuation of heating energy costs 

      Sahari, Anna
      VATT Working Papers : 141 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 16.03.2021)
      This paper studies consumer heterogeneity in the valuation of lifetime heating energy costs. The valuation is expressed as the willingness to pay higher upfront costs to obtain savings over the lifetime of the heating ...

    • Housing allowance and rents: Evidence from a stepwise subsidy scheme 

      Eerola, Essi; Lyytikäinen, Teemu
      VATT Working Papers : 88 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus, 31.05.2017)
      This paper studies the effect of housing allowance on rents using discontinuities in the Finnish housing allowance system as a quasi-experimental setting. The stepwise dependence of housing allowance on the floor area of ...

    • Housing transfer taxes and household mobility: Distortion on the housing or labour market? 

      Lyytikäinen, Teemu; Hilber, Christian A. L.
      VATT Working Papers : 47 (Valtion taloudellinen tutkimuskeskus VATT, 09.08.2013)
      We estimate the effect of the UK Stamp Duty Land Tax on household mobility using micro data. Exploiting a discontinuity in the tax schedule as a quasiexperimental setting, we isolate the impact of the stamp duty from other ...